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Diane Benscoter on how cults rewire the brain
Poziom:
Temat: Społeczeństwo i nauki społeczne
My journey to coming here today
started in 1974.
That's me with the funny gloves.
I was 17 and going on a peace walk.
What I didn't know though, was most of those people, standing there
with me, were Moonies.
(Laughter)
And within a week
I had come to believe
that the second coming of Christ had occurred,
that it was Sun Myung Moon,
and that I had been specially chosen and prepared by God
to be his disciple.
Now as cool as that sounds,
my family was not that thrilled with this.
(Laughter)
And they tried everything they could to get me out of there.
There was an underground railroad of sorts
that was going on during those years. Maybe some of you remember it.
They were called deprogrammers.
And after about five long years
my family had me deprogrammed.
And I then became a deprogrammer.
I started going out on cases.
And after about five years of doing [deprogramming]
I was arrested for kidnapping.
Most of the cases I went out on
were called involuntary.
What happened was that the family
had to get their loved ones some safe place somehow.
And so they took them to some safe place.
And we would come in and talk to them, usually for about a week.
And so after [the arrest] happened
I decided it was a good time to turn my back on this work.
And about 20 years went by.
There was a burning question though that would not leave me.
And that was, "How did this happen to me?"
And in fact, what did happen to my brain?
Because something did.
And so I decided to write a book, a memoir,
about this decade of my life.
And toward the end of writing that book
there was a documentary that came out.
It was on Jonestown.
And it had a chilling effect on me.
These are the dead in Jonestown.
About 900 people died that day.
Most of them taking their own lives.
Women gave poison to their babies,
and watched foam come from their mouths as they died.
The top picture is a group of Moonies
that have been blessed by their messiah.
Their mates were chosen for them.
The bottom picture is Hitler youth.
This is the leg of a suicide bomber.
The thing I had to admit to myself,
with great repulsion,
was that I get it.
I understand how this could happen.
I understand how someone's brain,
how someone's mind can come to the place
where it makes sense,
in fact it would be wrong, when your brain is working like that,
not to try to save the world through genocide.
And so what is this? How does this work?
And how I've come to view what happened to me
is a viral memetic infection.
For those of you who aren't familiar with memetics,
a meme has been defined as
an idea that replicates in the human brian
and moves from brain to brain like a virus,
much like a virus. The way a virus works is --
it can infect and do the most damage to someone
who has a compromised immune system.
In 1974, I was young, I was naive,
and I was pretty lost in my world.
I was really idealistic.
These easy ideas to complex questions are very appealing
when you are emotionally vulnerable.
What happens is that
circular logic takes over.
"Moon is one with God.
God is going to fix all the problems in the world.
All I have to do is humbly follow.
Because God is going to stop war and hunger --
all these things I wanted to do.
All I have to do is humbly follow.
Because after all, God is [working through] the messiah. He's going to fix all this."
It becomes impenetrable.
And the most dangerous part of this
is that is creates "us" and "them,"
"right" and "wrong,"
"good" and "evil."
And it makes anything possible.
Makes anything rationalizable.
And the thing is, though,
if you looked at my brain
during those years in the Moonies --
Neuroscience is expanding exponentially,
as Ray Kurzweil said yesterday. Science is expanding.
We're beginning to look inside the brain.
And so if you looked at my brain, or any brain that's infected with
a viral memetic infection like this,
and compared it to anyone in this room,
or anyone who uses critical thinking on a regular basis,
I am convinced it would look very, very different.
And that, strange as it may sound,
gives me hope.
And the reason that gives me hope
is that the first thing is to admit
that we have a problem.
But it's a human problem. It's a scientific problem, if you will.
It happens in the human brain. There is no evil force out there to get us.
And so this is something that, through research and education,
I believe that we can solve.
And so the first step is to realize
that we can do this together,
and that there is no "us" and "them."
Thank you very much. (Applause)
